present perfect
A. pengertian
Present perfect tense adalah suatu tense yang
menggambarkan suatu kejadian yang terjadi sebelum satu spesifik waktu di
masa lalu tetapi masih berlanjut sampai sekarang. Tense ini terdiri
dari gabungan aspek perfect (sebelum satu spesifik waktu di masa lampau)
dan bingkai waktu present (masa sekarang).
Selain itu, tense ini juga bisa menggambarkan suatu kejadian yang
dimulai dan berakhir di masa lampau tetapi efeknya masih dirasakan
sampai saat sekarang. Lebih singkatnya, tense ini digunakan sebagai
penghubung antara masa lalu dan masa sekarang.
B.rumus present perfect
| Rumus Present Perfect Tense | Contoh Present Perfect Tense |
|---|---|
kalimat positif (+)S + auxiliary verb (have/has) + past participle (verb-3) |
I have read the book |
| He has left | |
kalimat negatif (-)S + auxiliary verb (have/has) + not + past participle (verb-3) |
I have not read the book |
| He hasn’t left | |
kalimat interogatif (?)auxiliary verb (have/has) + S + past participle (verb-3) |
Have I read the book |
| Has he left |
C. contoh kalimat
contoh kalimat positif:
- I have bought a new car.
- My sister has started a new job this week.
- She has already submitted her paper.
- We have been to Singapore.
- Peter has gone to the bookstore.
- There has been an accident near here.
- My father has broken his leg.
- My students have improved their English.
- They have had a newborn baby.
- My friends and I have worked hard this month.
- I haven’t bought a new laptop yet.
- My sister has not started a new business.
- Julia hasn’t finished her Science project.
- We have not been to Australia.
- He has not gone to the gymnastic class.
- There hasn’t been any rain this month.
- My father has never cut his hair himself.
- My students haven’t been lazy this semester.
- They haven’t got a baby girl yet.
- My friends and I haven’t gone out together this month.
- Have you bought a new car?
- Has your sister started a new business?
- Has Julia finished her Science project?
- Have they been to Singapore?
- Who has gone to the bookstore?
- Has there been an accident near here?
- When has your father broken his leg?
- How long have your students improved their English?
- Have they got a baby girl already?
- Why have your friends and you worked hard this month?
D.contoh soal
1. They ….. Surabaya
- A. Has visit
- B. Has visited
- C. Have visited
- A. Has live
- B. Has lived
- C. Have lived
- A. My friend
- B. My friend and I
- C. Budi’s friend
- A. Have been
- B. Have
- C. Has
- A. Make
- B. Made
- C. Meant
- A. I have painted my bedroom
- B. I am have painted my bedroom
- B. I am have to painted my bedroom
- A. She will has finished my report
- B. She have finished my report
- C. She has finished my report
- A. Economics has been the most interesting subject
- B. Economics have been the most interesting subject
- C. Economics is have the most interesting subject
- A. We has bought books
- B. We have buyed books
- C. We have bought books
- A. They has studied grammar
- B. They have studied grammar
- C. They have studied grammar right now
E. kunci jawaban
| No | Jawaban | Penjelasan |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | C | Subjek they (jamak) menggunakan have, penggunaan have/has tergantung dengan subjeknya,lihatlah tabel pada bagian bawah postingan ini. Sedangkan verb3 dari visit adalah visited. |
| 2 | B | Subjek “Budi” menggunakan has |
| 3 | B | Dari pilihan yang ada, karena yang digunakan adalah have, maka subjek harus jamak. |
| 4 | A | Karena tidak ada kata kerja utama maka menggunakan kata kerja bantu “to be”. Verb3 dari “to be” adalah “been”. |
| 5 | B | Untuk present perfect tense harus menggunakan verb3, made adalah verb3 dari make. Meant artinya berarti/bermaksud. |
| 6 | A | Karena ada kata kerja utama maka gunakan saja rumus present perfect tense seperti biasanya, painted adalah verb3 dari paint. Dalam tense ini “am” dan “to” tidak bisa digunakan untuk menyabung antara subjek dan verb, maka dibuang saja. |
| 7 | C | Untuk subjek she gunakan has. Will mengisyaratkan penggunaan future tense maka Will di buang saja |
| 8 | A | Untuk subjek economics (noun) gunakan has. economics terdapat tambahan “s” diakhir bukan berarti jamak, karena semua nama mata pelajaran pasti terdapat akhiran “s” diakhir kata. Karena tidak ada kata kerja utama maka menggunakan been, seperti soal no. 4 |
| 9 | C | Subjek we menggunakan have. Verb3 dari buy adalah bought |
| 10 | B | They menggunakan have, verb3 dari study adalah studied. “right now” kita buang karena mengisyaratkan present continuous tense , sedangkan kita harus mengubah menjadi present perfect tense. |
F. sumber
https://www.studiobelajar.com/present-perfect-tense/
https://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-contoh-kalimat-present-perfect-tense
https://englishcoo.com/contoh-kalimat-present-perfect-tense/
https://belajarbahasainggrisonline-gratis.blogspot.com/2014/10/contoh-soal-present-perfect-tense-dan-jawabannya.html
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